After frustration with this issue not being fixed on Apple's side, I followed the suggested answer, even though it does seem like a hack and not officially supported workaround. However, I can confirm that both of my Testflight and App Review builds have been approved by Apple. I am still wary to launch the update into the wild, and so won't hit the push button just yet. But I can confirm HealthKit read + write on Testflight still works properly. If no resolution appears, I'll submit the update by end of week.