On the macOS Ventura (13.3) operating system running on Apple Silicon, I was able to remove the com.apple.provenance attribute by disabling the System Integrity Protection feature.
It is important to note that disabling the System Integrity Protection feature on macOS Ventura (13.3) can compromise the security of your system. Therefore, please exercise caution and do so at your own risk.
Restart your Mac in safe mode (Start up your Mac in safe mode - Apple Support)
Open Terminal from Utilities
Run the following command
csrutil disable --with basesystem --with dtrace --with kext
Restart your Mac
Run the following command to remove com.apple.provenance from your file
xattr -d com.apple.provenance filename