MBP 16 i7 2019 here:
My equipment:
4k @60hz samsung monitor (displayport)
2k @120hz asus monitor (usb-c)
Caldigit ts4 thunderbolt dock (Some of devices attached to it, like elgato streamdeck mini, 1080 webcam, hyperx quadcast mic, keychron k2 keyboard)
Type of sh1t i run: docker desktop, tons of chrome instances, minikube, slack, teams, terminal, intellij
Observations:
When using without nothing attached, temperatures where consistently fine (45C - 50C)
When connecting my MBP to the caldigit hub (using the thunderbolt cable) temps immediately increased to 65C-70C (both monitors working)
At some random moment, kernel_task process rises to 700% cpu usage, turning the computer unusable. (temps go from 65C to 95C)
When leaving the computer to sleep and wake up, both monitors start to make strange on/off glitching for a minute or so
Things that seem to help:
Connect the main thunderbolt cable on the right side of the computer (for some reason left side tends to release more heat)
Increase the display scaling (so text gets bigger) on the main monitor (in my case the 4k monitor) and reduce the resolution. Both settings are intended to give a chance to the amd gpu to cope with the demand.
Forget about a third monitor, just use one external.
Things that didn't work (in my case):
nvram/smc reset
Things i would like to give a try:
Removing dust from fans - I guarantee you, dust is a fk devil.
Re-applying thermal paste (many people report this step reduces temps by 10C)
Disclaimer: Don't you ever try to open that machine unless you own the proper tools and are prepared for the worst case scenario (buying a new laptop)
Most likely culprit:
AMD GPU, dust and old thermal paste