Ignore the Token entity question. I've realised this would be a many-to-many relationship. CloudKit requires an extra record to turn it into many one-to-one relationships. Meaning my attempt to reduce the database size will only be effective on the local database.

Thank you so much! I’m a new developer and have been debating whether CoreData would be better for my app, for other reasons but particularly the predicates I will need. The number of tokens will be unknown so your response gives me the confidence to switch. I have two related questions that I'll put into a reply, it would be awesome to get a response to those.

Yeah I considered saving it as a hex string the problem is ColorPicker can have either sRGB or D3 Display color spaces as input (D3 is essentially a superset of sRGB). Color.Resolved produces negative float values for colors outside of sRGB space and I assume would require a longer hex string when encoding them.

You were entirely correct so thanks again. I went down the documentation rabbit hole and couldn't find anything more suitable. I ended up overlaying the entire board grid (rather than the grid cells) and used the position modifier to place the pieces on the correct square. This required me to write functions that would map between a CGPoint and a discrete square on the board. For now I'm using a fixed sized board frame but I am confident I'll be able to adapt to a dynamically sized board.