Same issue here! XC60 2010, iPhone 12 on iOS 14.6. - head unit freezes after one call, unable to make phone calls via bluetooth, I have to shut down the engine and start again. Sometimes it works for a while but after one call, it stops working. Very frustrating! Apple should really do something about it!
I've also heard the issue could be related to exposure notifications (tried to disable it, will see) or the feature introduced with iOS 14.4 where we can choose what type of bluetooth device it is.
I hope the fix is coming soon Apple! Because I just need it to work again!