This bug is also extremely critical from my side.
Now more than 4000 devices (iPhone 11 and XR) at one of my customers, who uses Intune to deploy his Xamarin IOS custom app, are affected by this problem.
I also reroduced this issue.
I have referenced my public store apps and ABM custom apps (same Xamarin IOS core as public app) in my Intune portal.
I have successfully deployed these applications on 13.x and 14.1 devices.
I then migrated the devices to 14.2 and reproduced the problem: The splash screen is displayed for a few seconds, then the application dies.
Iphones 7,8 & X are not affected. I reproduced on 11 and XR.
NOTE : deploying an IPA works properly