I've continued to run into this on and off and I think I found a better answer--it seems Xcode 7.1.1 and 71.0 will sometimes automatically try to export/ upload with a Team XC profile, even if the Build Settings explicitly specify a custom profile you've created. This XC profile will be acceptable for upload, but is incompatible with Testflight, at least for TVOS apps.
First set the correct profile in Build Settings, and archive the build. You should have Organizer open. Then you have a choice to either Export or Upload to ITC. Click whichever you use, and select the team. At this point, a final Summary panel should pop open, which will include the profile that will be used on the right of the panel. This is where you'll see XC instead of the profile you set in buidl settings.
The best fix I've found is: if the final summary panel for an app to upload or export in Xcode organizer shows an XC profile (including the wildcard XC:*), DELETE the actual XC:.mobileprovision file from you local "Library/MobileDevices/Provisioniang Profiles" directory, click “Cancel” on the summary panel in organizer, then try again once the XC profile is in the trash. The summary panel should now show the correct profile.
Tip: To find which profile to delete, you can click the tiny grey arrow next to the profile name on the summary panel, and the Provisioning Profiles directory will pop open with the relevant profile selected.
Hope this helps someone!