For those still looking for this info some years later the following chunk of code works for me.
import Vision
// Create a text recognition request
let textRecognitionRequest = VNRecognizeTextRequest()
// Retrieve the list of supported languages
do {
let supportedLanguages = try textRecognitionRequest.supportedRecognitionLanguages()
print("Supported languages: \(supportedLanguages)")
} catch {
print("Failed to retrieve supported languages: \(error)")
}
Hope it helps!