Similar issues faced, I have tried tirelessly to complete all the suggested remedies and had no joy. The only thing I did notice is one of the re-index commands is no longer supported from Microsoft's help page. I assume this is a Ventura change?
jordan@LT4987 ~ % mdimport -g "/Applications/Microsoft Outlook.app/Contents/Library/Spotlight/Microsoft Outlook Spotlight Importer.mdimporter" -d1 "/Users/jordan/Library/Group Containers/UBF8T346G9.Office/Outlook/Outlook 15 Profiles/Main Profile"
'-g' no longer supported. Importers may only be tested by installing them.
I did once get it working but it stopped a few days later and I'm sure I've repeated everything I did before and now it will not fix. Frustratingly I cannot be sure which of my many steps made the difference last time.