Faced the same problem. Nothing changed on our CI machine, but the build stopped working with codesign "a timestamp was expected but was not found" error.
wrote to the feedback assistant - FB9288985
call traceroute timestamp.apple.com gives:
traceroute to timestamp.pki-apple.com.akadns.net (17.179.249.1), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets
1 188.128.25.25 (188.128.25.25) 0.718 ms 0.360 ms 0.547 ms
2 5.143.233.1 (5.143.233.1) 1.541 ms 1.637 ms 1.541 ms
3 87.226.174.241 (87.226.174.241) 1.918 ms 1.715 ms 1.627 ms
4 * * 188.128.126.81 (188.128.126.81) 43.306 ms
5 17.1.168.136 (17.1.168.136) 48.196 ms 36.598 ms 57.129 ms
6 17.0.12.112 (17.0.12.112) 228.237 ms 218.270 ms
17.0.12.116 (17.0.12.116) 222.642 ms
7 17.1.3.243 (17.1.3.243) 218.001 ms 210.820 ms 219.386 ms
8 17.1.3.240 (17.1.3.240) 223.942 ms
17.1.3.242 (17.1.3.242) 211.452 ms 219.917 ms
9 17.1.2.171 (17.1.2.171) 230.444 ms
17.1.2.179 (17.1.2.179) 219.296 ms 226.349 ms
10 17.1.2.176 (17.1.2.176) 219.132 ms 212.270 ms 219.311 ms
11 17.1.0.119 (17.1.0.119) 220.040 ms
17.1.0.113 (17.1.0.113) 211.403 ms 218.593 ms
12 17.0.8.35 (17.0.8.35) 236.001 ms 210.848 ms 224.461 ms
13 * * *
14 17.0.13.205 (17.0.13.205) 225.599 ms
17.1.1.35 (17.1.1.35) 230.321 ms
17.0.13.205 (17.0.13.205) 212.251 ms
15 * * *
16 * * *
17 * * *