Dear Fritzt,
In addition to the access usage description in the Info.plist you also need to add the key com.apple.security.device.camera set to true in the Entitlements.plist.
If you are signing the code manually, you have to pass the Entitlements.plist to the codesign tool like :
codesign --timestamp --deep --entitlements Entitlements.plist --keychain <keychain> --sign <signing ID> MyApplication.app -f -o runtime
For more information, you can have a look at this great blog post by David Fernandez : https://www.theimpostersyndrome.dev/posts/macospackaging/