My laptop is under warranty. 2020 i5 16GB. I took it to the shop before reading this thread and found that the error was coming from my external monitors. I was told there was no problem and that the fans were clean, so it's not a solution for me.
With the pre-Monterey version it didn't happen to me. It's a pity. I would say that in version 12.6 they have patched something because I don't get crashes, although it does slow down the computer, with the kernel_task going up to 30-40% and the CPU_speed_limit going down to 50..... It only happens when I make video calls. Without connecting monitors I don't have any problems. I have several colleagues in the company who also have this problem, and another who does not with the same laptop model.
I connect the monitors via HDMI to a hub that connects to the laptop via USB-C. Maybe a different hub would help?
I find it very serious that this is happening. Very bad done by Apple for not providing solutions in my humble opinion.