This issue is still present today in macOS Sonoma. I filed FB13385867 with steps to reproduce.

I'm still hitting this today on 23C64 calling into UNUserNotificationCenter.current() from a packet tunnel provider system extension.

@eskimo We would similarly love if Apple could provide more guidance on best practices to optimize network extensions for battery life, and what exactly drives the power consumption data displayed in Settings. Some of our customers complain to us about battery life due to the scary data reported in Settings, but we don't really know for sure what is driving those numbers up. We have very few tools at our disposal to diagnose issues. No powerlog data is available outside of the plsql files in a sysdiagnose, and it is really hard to get customers to submit one of those. It would really help if MetricKit could be used to extract power consumption data in a privacy-aware fashion, for instance giving us powerlog data for processes in our bundle. Data points that are fundamental for battery life investigation, like cellular / Wi-Fi modem wakes, are not currently available outside of sysdiagnoses which means that we cannot collect them in bulk.