I got it working with the following steps:
(1) remove iPad from bluetooth list on mac
(2) remove mac from bluetooth list on iPad (you might need to restart bluetooth for it to work, my mac was not removed from the known devices list although i tried "ignore" several times... and thus the mac was not showing up under "other devices", but this is a must of course)
(3) Then, and this is !important!: Pair the mac with the iPad FROM the mac, not the other way around!
No cable or restart necessary, works fine now.