Following up on this, our app (built with the iOS 14 SDK) sends and receives broadcast packets and doesn't appear to need this entitlement. All network communication in our apps is currently working as expected, assuming the Local Network Access permission is granted.
Is this expected behaviour? If so, I'm curious when we would need the entitlement - the request form specifically states that it is for apps that "interact with their local network by sending multicast and broadcast IP packets". We don't use multicast communications though - only ever broadcast or unicast. Is that the key difference?
We're using BSD sockets, rather than the Network framework, since we currently need to support as far back as iOS 10.